Khrushchev - перевод на французский
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Khrushchev - перевод на французский

FIRST SECRETARY OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF THE SOVIET UNION FROM 1953 TO 1964
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  • Khrushchev and his first wife Euphrasinia (Yefrosinia) in 1916
  • [[Universal Newsreel]] about Khrushchev's resignation
  • Henry Cabot Lodge]] (far left) during his visit on 16 September 1959 to the [[Agricultural Research Service]] Center
  • General Secretary]] Khrushchev speaking before the 20th CPSU Congress in 1956
  • Nikita Khrushchev with [[Anastas Mikoyan]] (far right) in Berlin
  • Khrushchev (left) and East German leader [[Walter Ulbricht]], 1963
  • A ''[[khrushchyovka]]'' is destroyed, Moscow, January 2008
  • leader of the Soviet Union]].
  • Khrushchev & [[Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej]] at Bucharest's [[Băneasa Airport]] in June 1960. [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] can be seen at Gheorghiu-Dej's right hand side.
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  • Khrushchev and [[John F. Kennedy]], Vienna, June 1961
  • Khrushchev (second from right) poses for a photo alongside [[Joseph Stalin]] (far right) sometime during the 1930s.
  • Rada]] during their trip to USA in 1959
  • [[Lazar Kaganovich]], one of the chief enforcers of Stalin's dictatorship and Khrushchev's main patron.
  • Joseph Stalin (third from right) presiding over a ceremony commemorating his 71st birthday a few years before his death.
  • Khrushchev with [[Mao Zedong]], 1958
  • Khrushchev and Egyptian President [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] aboard a train returning to [[Cairo]] from [[Alexandria]], during a visit by Khrushchev to [[Egypt]], 1964.
  • Man of the Year]] for 1957 after the launch of Sputnik
  • Nina Petrovna Kukharchuk]], whom he met in 1922. Photo taken in 1924
  • First Secretary of the Communist Party]]
  • Zoya Mironova]] at the United Nations, September 1960
  • Nikita Khrushchev posing in a Red Army uniform following the Soviets' entry into the conflict.
  • Khrushchev with Vice President [[Richard Nixon]], 1959
  • Khrushchev (right) with cosmonauts [[Yuri Gagarin]], [[Pavel Popovich]] and [[Valentina Tereshkova]], 1963
  • Khrushchev (left) on the Stalingrad Front
  • A photo of the Ukrainian capital of [[Kiev]] after being devastated by the Second World War.
  • influence]], after the [[Cuban Revolution]] of 1959 and before the official [[Sino-Soviet split]] of 1961
  • Ukrainian SSR]].
  • Regional party leaders in 1935. In the front row sits Nikita Khrushchev (Moscow), [[Andrei Zhdanov]] (Leningrad), [[Lazar Kaganovich]] (Ukraine), [[Lavrentiy Beria]] (Georgia), and [[Nestor Lakoba]] (Abkhazia) (behind him stands [[Mir Jafar Baghirov]]).

Khrushchev      
Khrushchev, family name; Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971), Soviet politician, first secretary of the Communist Party after the death of Stalin, premier of the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1964
Khroutchev      
Krushchev, Khrushchev, family name; Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971), Soviet politician, first secretary of the Communist Party after the death of Stalin
Kroutchev      
Krushchev, Khrushchev, family name; Nikita Khrushchev (1894-1971), Soviet politician, first secretary of the Communist Party after the death of Stalin, premier of the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1964

Википедия

Nikita Khrushchev

Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (15 April [O.S. 3 April] 1894 – 11 September 1971) was the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964 and chairman of the country's Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. During his rule, Khrushchev stunned the communist world with his denunciation of his predecessor Joseph Stalin's crimes, and embarked on a policy of de-Stalinization with his key ally Anastas Mikoyan. He sponsored the early Soviet space program, and enactment of moderate reforms in domestic policy. After some false starts, and a narrowly avoided nuclear war over Cuba, he conducted successful negotiations with the United States to reduce Cold War tensions. In 1964, the Kremlin leadership stripped him of power, replacing him with Leonid Brezhnev as First Secretary and Alexei Kosygin as Premier.

Khrushchev was born in 1894 in a village in western Russia. He was employed as a metal worker during his youth, and he was a political commissar during the Russian Civil War. Under the sponsorship of Lazar Kaganovich, he worked his way up the Soviet hierarchy. He supported Joseph Stalin's purges and approved thousands of arrests. In 1938, Stalin sent him to govern the Ukrainian SSR, and he continued the purges there. During what was known in the Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War, Khrushchev was again a commissar, serving as an intermediary between Stalin and his generals. Khrushchev was present at the defense of Stalingrad, a fact he took great pride in throughout his life. After the war, he returned to Ukraine before being recalled to Moscow as one of Stalin's close advisers.

On 5 March 1953, Stalin's death triggered a power struggle in which Khrushchev emerged victorious upon consolidating his authority as First Secretary of the party's Central Committee. On 25 February 1956, at the 20th Party Congress, he delivered the "Secret Speech", which denounced Stalin's purges and ushered in a less repressive era in the Soviet Union. His domestic policies, aimed at bettering the lives of ordinary citizens, were often ineffective, especially in agriculture. Hoping eventually to rely on missiles for national defense, Khrushchev ordered major cuts in conventional forces. Despite the cuts, Khrushchev's time in office saw the tensest years of the Cold War, culminating in the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Khrushchev enjoyed strong support during the 1950s thanks to major victories like the Suez Crisis, the launching of Sputnik, the Syrian Crisis of 1957, and the 1960 U-2 incident. By the early 1960s however, Khrushchev's popularity was eroded by flaws in his policies, as well as his handling of the Cuban Missile Crisis. This emboldened his potential opponents, who quietly rose in strength and deposed him in October 1964. However, he did not suffer the deadly fate suffered by the losers of previous Soviet power struggles and was pensioned off with an apartment in Moscow and a dacha in the countryside. His lengthy memoirs were smuggled to the West and published in part in 1970. Khrushchev died in 1971 of a heart attack.